Eschatology in Thessalonica
Sources: I. Howard Marshall et al., Exploring the New Testament: A Guide to the Letters and Revelation (IVP, 2002); Raymond E. Brown, The New Testament: an Introduction (Doubleday, 1997); Bart Ehrman, The New Testament: A Historical Introduction to the Early Christian Writings, 3d ed. (Oxford, 2004).
- We've Got Mail
The middle of the New Testament is Paul's collected letters to churches.
They generally conform to the Hellenistic letter format:
- opening formula (sender, addressee, greeting, health wish — 1:1),
thanksgiving to the gods (or God — 1:2-5?),
body or message (opening, middle, closing — 1:6?-5:22),
concluding formula (e.g., greeting, doxology, signature — 5:23-28).
- 'Form criticism' studies the way set forms shape and convey information.
What kind of community has a canon with so many of these kinds of letters?
What kind of information will be prominent in such a canon?
What are we supposed to do with it?
- Turned to Serve and to Wait: 1 Thessalonians
(Luke-Acts supplies supporting contextual material in Acts 17:1-15.)
What major 'moves' does Paul make?
- 1:3-10 ______________________________
2:1-12 ______________________________
2:13-16 _____________________________
2:17-3:13 ___________________________
4:1-12 ______________________________
4:13-5:11 ___________________________
5:12-22 _____________________________
- Major themes:
- The gospel received in the Spirit's power brings dramatic transformation.
This church's ethics are eschatologically shaped.
Christians still have to be on their guard against a number of dangers.
Faithfulness remembers the apostle's instruction.
Paul uses his characteristic "indicative-imperative" (1:6-3:13/4:1-5:22).
There is less use of Scripture than some other Pauline letters.
- Not So Fast: 2 Thessalonians
Paul repeats the first letter's thanksgiving and revisits its major themes.
He reminds of earlier apocalyptic teaching (unattested elsewhere in Paul) concerning the 'man of lawlessness' (1:5-12? 2:1-15).
He stresses again the ethics of eschatological faith: labor, obedience, welldoing (3:1-15).
The letter indicates problems with false teaching and discord.